These are light industrial buildings usually designed for multiple occupancy by relatively small space users, typical of the older mid-rise structures found in downtown garment or jewelry districts. Due to display areas, extra partitioning and plumbing in the higher qualities, they are intermediate buildings between industrial and office construction. They can also be a single tenancy structure with mixed functions, such as a publishing operation with district office, production, storage and distribution facilities all under one roof.
Ceilings may be acoustical or painted drywall. The higher qualities have a large amount of office and good display areas and floor coverings. Average quality lofts are more open with little detail associated with the displays. The lower qualities provide minimum shop, office and restroom facilities per space user.
For modern low-rise mall structures, including Class P buildings, use occupancy 453 (Industrial Flex Building).
Availability of Elevators by Area for this occupancy: Yes
Marshall Valuation Service sections: 14 and 44.
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Class |
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Quality |
A |
B |
C |
D |
H |
M |
P |
S |
W |
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Low |
50 |
50 |
40 |
35 |
-- |
40 |
-- |
35 |
-- |
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Average |
55 |
55 |
50 |
40 |
-- |
50 |
-- |
40 |
-- |
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Good |
55 |
55 |
50 |
40 |
-- |
50 |
-- |
40 |
-- |
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Excellent |
60 |
60 |
55 |
45 |
-- |
55 |
-- |
45 |
-- |
Class A (Fireproof Structural Steel Frame) and Class B (Reinforced Concrete Frame):
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Quality |
Exterior Walls |
Interior Finish |
Mechanicals |
HVAC |
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Low |
Low-cost brick, structural tile, block, concrete panels |
Painted walls, large open areas, office and display rooms |
Incandescent or cheap fluorescent, minimum plumbing |
Steam |
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Average |
Brick, block, concrete panels, low-cost metal and glass |
Painted walls and ceilings, few partitions, office and display rooms |
Fluorescent lighting, many outlets, adequate plumbing |
Hot water |
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Good |
Face brick, metal panels, good glass, ornamentation |
Drywall or plaster, finished floors, good display rooms and offices |
Good lighting, many outlets, adequate plumbing |
Package A.C. |
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Excellent |
Good curtain walls, good brick and glass, with ornamentation |
Plaster, acoustic ceilings, finished floor, much office space |
Fluorescent lighting, many outlets, good plumbing |
Warm and cool air (zoned) |
Class C (Masonry Bearing Walls):
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Quality |
Exterior Walls |
Interior Finish |
Mechanicals |
HVAC |
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Low |
Low-cost brick, concrete block, tilt-up |
Minimum finish and detail, small office or display areas |
Minimum lighting & plumbing |
Forced air |
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Average |
Brick, block, concrete, load-bearing walls or frame |
Gypsum board, finished floors, display areas |
Adequate lighting & plumbing |
Package A.C. |
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Good |
Masonry or concrete, some ornamentation, steel frame |
Plaster, finished floors, good display rooms and detail |
Fluorescent lighting, adequate restrooms and plumbing |
Package A.C. |
Class D (Wood or Steel Framed Exterior Walls):
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Quality |
Exterior Walls |
Interior Finish |
Mechanicals |
HVAC |
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Low |
Wood studs and stucco or wood siding, very plain |
Minimum finish and detail, small office or display areas |
Minimum lighting & plumbing |
Forced air |
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Average |
Wood studs, stucco, siding, adequate windows |
Drywall or plaster, finished floors, office and display areas |
Incandescent or cheap fluorescent, adequate plumbing |
Package A.C. |
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Quality |
Exterior Walls |
Interior Finish |
Mechanicals |
HVAC |
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Average |
Mill-type frame, heavy brick walls, wood trusses |
Painted walls and ceilings, few partitions, office and display areas |
Adequate lighting & plumbing |
Steam |
Class S (Metal Frame and Walls):
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Quality |
Exterior Walls |
Interior Finish |
Mechanicals |
HVAC |
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Average |
Steel frame, transite or steel siding |
Drywall or plaster, slab floors, office and display areas |
Adequate lighting & plumbing |
Package A.C. |